Reflection on Timeline: French Revolution and Rise of Napoleon:
A. Review your time line annotations
B. Identify and explain how three events that were reactions to causes of the French Revolution (outcomes)
-The Declaration of the Rights of Man were a reaction to the new ideas of the Enlightenment. The ideas proposed were taken from the many Enlightenment thinkers, and were inspired by the American Declaration of Independence and the English Bill of Rights. It was part of the beginning of the French Revolution, and outlined many of the principles and rights they were fighting for.
-The Women's March to Versailles was a reaction to the vast divide between the wealthy and the impoverished. The women were too poor to afford food, so they marched to the palace demaning bread from the King. The amount of women who participated in the march also gives a good representation of the situation. 7,000 women joined, and there were probably many more thousands of other people who were in the same economic situation who did not.
-The storming of the Bastille was a reaction to the oppression of the French people. The Bastille was a fort for political prisoners, and served as a symbol for oppression. The invasion of the Bastille was a large part of the beginning of the revolution, as it provided weapons and explosives for the rebels.
08/08/1788
Noblity forces King to call for Estates General
The king was in trouble. The nobility was not happy with his attempt to tax their estate. The Nobility wanted to pass the costs once again on the Third Estate, who were already overburdened with taxes and debt. France was in a financial crisis.
05/05/1789
Estate-General meets in Paris
King Louis XVI calls body into session to approve a new tax on the third Estate. The Estates General had not met in 175 years. It was the first Estates General for everyone who attended, and members of the estates wrote notebooks to document their concerns.
06/14/1789
The Storming of the Bastille
A mob of rebels stormed the French military fort in search of weapons to fuel the revolution. The storming of the Bastille served as a symbol for the revolution, as the Bastille represented the oppression of the French people. It was the start of the Great Fear, after people realized what they had done.
06/17/1789
3rd Estate refused to abide by King's voting orders
The educated bourgeoisie were influenced by Enlightenment thinkers. They wanted change in the government, and declared themselves the National Assembly. The assembly started passing reforms in the government that weakened the monarchy.
06/17/1789
The Great Fear begins
After the initial violence of the Bastille, the French people were afraid that the king would punish everyone. Rumors spread of massacres, yet the peasant violence continued in the countrysides. Enraged peasants took revenge on their nobles, destroying property and revolting.
06/20/1789
Tennis Court Oath
The members of the third estate refused to leave the court until they had drafted a new constitution for France. King Louis, faced with this, gave in and allowed the representatives of the Third estate to have a vote.
08/04/1789
National Assembly abolishes Feudalism with August Decrees
The feudal dues and debts that peasants owed to their landlords were cleared. Changes were made so that the First Estate could not bypass laws, and removed many of their privileges. These were attempts to create equality within the estates.
08/26/1789
Declaration of the Rights of Man
The Declaration of the Rights of Man laid the principles of the French revolution, focusing on Liberty, Equality, and Fraternity. It was inspired from the English Bill of Rights and the American Declaration of Independence, and it used many ideas from Enlightenment thinkers. It guaranteed equality and freedoms,
but not necessarily for women.
10/05/1789
Women of Paris March to Versailles for Bread
7,000 women walked from Paris to Versailles as an angry response to the King's order of sending troops to Versailles to protect his throne. They demanded bread, and broke into the palace, forcing the King to leave and return to Paris, ending the violence.
06/20/1791
Royal Family's Flight from Varennes
The King and Queen attempted to flee Paris because they were worried of their safety after the creation of the Legislative Assembly. The Legislative Assembly weakened the King's power, and the monarchy was threatened. They were recognized soon after their departure, and were returned to the Tuileries Palace.
09/30/1791
New Constitution Adopted
The new constitution changed the government. Although it kept the monarchy intact, the new constitution severely restricted the king's power. With this, the National Assembly created a new body called the Legislative Assembly.
10/01/1791
Beginning of Legislative Assembly
The new Legislative Assembly gave citizens some voting rights. However, only taxpayers over the age of 25 were allowed to vote.
06/25/1792
Brunswick Manifesto
The Brunswick Manifesto warned against the harming of the Royal family, and declared that any harm would start a war. Austria and Hungary supported the monarchy, and as a response to the recent violence, sent 50,000 troops to the French border, which resulted in a war, and a defeat for the disorganized French army.
08/10/1792
Storming of the Tuileries Palace
A mob of peasants stormed Tuileries Palace and killed the guards. The King and Queen were captured along with their children, demoted to commoners, and were sent to prison. Because this was a mob action, the Legislative Assembly began worrying that they were lacking in power.
09/22/1792
French Monarchy is Abolished
The Radical faction, which wanted extreme changes in France was put into power. This followed the violence spreading throughout France. The Revolutionary Government votes to abolish the monarchy and establish the first Republic. The Royal Family remains imprisoned.
11/06/1792
French Defeat Foreign Monarchy Supporters
France turns the tide of war and takes the offensive against the foreign invaders: Austria and Prussia, who are aiming to protect the monarchy. The victory increased morale among the Revolutionary soldiers, because they had successfully defended their country against invaders.
01/21/1793
King Louis XVI Executed
The king was placed on trial by the radical Montagnards, and was condemned to death. The Montagnards wanted the monarchy completely abolished, which meant the death of the king. He was placed on a guillotine after a short attempt to prove his innocence, and executed.
04/06/1793
Committee of Public Safety Established
As an attempt to tighten its grip over France, the National Convention tried to set up the Committee of Public Safety to manage the French military. It immediately drafted able men aged 18-45 to serve in the military. The Revolutionary Tribunal was also created in order to seek out opponents to the Revolution.
09/17/1793
Law of Suspects: Beginning of the Reign of Terror
Under this law, anyone who doubted or opposed the Revolution was arrested and promptly executed. The direction of the Revolution, heading towards using fear to control citizens, was worrying the other European countries, who had begun to think about declaring war on France.
07/27/1794
Execution of Robespierre: End of the Reign of Terror
Robespierre, one of the starters of the Reign of Terror, used terror to defend the republic against enemies. The Revolutionary Tribunal was used to execute people who expressed opposition to the Revolution. Ironically, he was also captured along with many of his supporters, and was executed, ending the Reign of Terror.
10/26/1795
National Convention is dissolved, forming the Directorate
The Constitution was written where voting rights were restricted, The government body called the Directors, made up of 5 people, was created, but proved to be ineffective, as it was often indecisive, and was very corrupt.
11/09/1799
Napoleon is named the First Consul
Napoleon Bonaparte, a national war hero, created a coup d'etat and overthrew the Directory in order to take power of France. He forced the Directors to give him their power. He immediately began increasing his power in France and planned to conquer Europe.
12/02/1804
Coronation of Napoleon Bonaparte as Emporer of France
Napoleon used a plebiscite, a question to all voters, to find out that French voters wanted him to be the emperor of the French Empire. Napoleon was crowned the first Emperor of France by the Pope (though he took the crown by himself).
Heading topic: Evaluation of the Lady Gaga Video on the French Revolution
To be Completed in Paragraph form: ( you may complete as a work document and then upload it to your wiki)
1. In a well formulated paragraph evaluate how watching the video and reading the lyrics increased your understanding of the major events of the French Revolution. Provide evidence from the video or lyrics
2. Identify and explain the lines of the song that describe the causes of the revolution
3. Identify and explain lines that describe changes caused by the Revolution
4. Which part of the video did you like the best and why?
1) The video covering the French Revolution was useful in helping to understand the causes and events of the revolution. The lyrics gave an order to the events, covering the causes; famine, poverty, unhappiness; the beginning of the revolution; the Declaration of Rights, the Bastille, the March to Versailles; and the end; The Reign of Terror, Robespierre's execution, and the introduction of Napoleon. This gave a better insight on the order in which the events happened, and also provides a cause and effect connection between the causes to the beginning, and how it all led to the end. The repetition of the terms "revolution in France" and "Europe frightened by our revolution", as well as the involvement of foreign countries such as Austria emphasized that it was one of the major events happening in Europe during that time, and the effects were not limited to France.
2) The causes of the revolution were portrayed through the lines:
"Inequality. The relics of feudalism" - Feudalism and the social/economic divide that the system creates between the rich and the poor were a large part of the cause of the revolution. It created inequalities between the people, and the lower class were extremely unhappy and unsatisfied.
"The Three Estates ensured nobles favoritism" - The Old Order, consisting of the Three Estates, was heavily favored towards the 1st Estate and the 2nd Estate, and was unfair towards the 3rd Estate, even though it made up the vast majority of the population. In votes, the 1st and 2nd Estates would often vote together and the 3rd Estate would not have a say.
"Don't want no taxes, I'm paying too much" - Taxes were a huge cause as well. Peasants, who were already poor and starving, were forced to pay heavy taxes to both the First Estate, as well as landowners who they worked for. These taxes made it so that peasants would have a hard time escaping their social status, while the already rich would accumulate more money.
"There was a famine. The peasants wouldn't pay" - Due to lack of money and increased taxes, people could not afford to feed their families, resulting in widespread famine and hunger. The lack of basic human neccesities caused high unhappiness among the peasants, because the rich and wealthy lived happy lives.
3) The effects of the revolution were portrayed through the lines:
"Guillotine was going crazy. Take heads of kings and ladies." - This is representative of the Reign of Terror, during which thousands were executed, including the king and the queen. The execution of the royal family marked the end of the monarchy in France, as well as started a war against Austria.
"Don't want no church. Catholicism is dead. No room for God. Worship reason instead." - Due to the unpopularity of the First Estate, made of the clergy, their power and influence was removed.
"Directory and legislature filled with corruption." - The government that took over after the fall of the monarchy and the revolution was the Directory. However, it was corrupt and ineffective.
"Coup de tat.... Napoleon's here!" - Napoleon took over control over France and became the emporer of the French empire.
The Declaration of the Rights of man was written to define the duties and rights of the citizens of France. It wanted to fix the problems of the Old Order, namely inequality amongst the estates. It defined the freedoms that the citizens had, including the freedom of speech, religion, and press: ideas taken from the work of enlightenment thinkers. The declaration also described how punishments for breaking laws would be handled, promoting fairness.
Governments of Revolutionary France
Napoleon Bonaparte, 1769–1821 The people who knew or met Napoleon held different opinions about him. He inspired fierce loyalty in his troops. His wife Josephine adored him. Some other observers, though, saw Napoleon as cold and unfeeling. As is the case with famous people, historians and artists have also portrayed Napoleon in different ways, depending on their points of view. Compare the two portraits of Napoleon above and how the artists’ viewpoints differed.
What is the message in each of the pictures? What are the significance of the date for each?
The first picture describes Napoleon’s rise to power. He is shown as a General here, and at the time, the public still viewed him as a war hero for his many victories. He is shown in a majestic pose, meant to signify his power and popularity among the people, and his military uniform shows that he is still fighting. He is shown pointing forwards, looking ambitious and almost like leading the people. Remembrance of his victories. Made his position known to church that he will rule.
In the second picture, Napoleon is shown slumped and he looks defeated. He is shown slouched down, with a grumpy look on his face. This can signify some of the unpopularity that had overcome his rule. 1814 was the year of his exile, so this could be a picture of him near the time that he lost his power. He is wearing clothing that is messy, meaning that he no longer has the grandeur that he once had. Disappointed, defeated, will lose throne. Small stature. Dejected position. Met with some misfortune.
Which of the portraits is more realistic and why?
I think both pictures are accurate for their dates. When Napoleon first started his career as a General, he had many great successes and was very popular among the people, and a painter would definitely want to portray that. Near the end of his rule, he was unpopular for the amount of wars that he had started and the decline of the French empire after many of his major defeats became public. The artist would want to portray him as a chubby, messy man that no longer had the power he once had.
How does each reflect different aspects of Napoleon’s personality as well as the rise and decline of his fortunes?
The first picture showed him on horseback. He looks like a natural leader, a good general, which represents his rise to power. The second picture shows him as grumpy during the fall of his power.
Reflection on Timeline: French Revolution and Rise of Napoleon:
A. Review your time line annotations
B. Identify and explain how three events that were reactions to causes of the French Revolution (outcomes)
-The Declaration of the Rights of Man were a reaction to the new ideas of the Enlightenment. The ideas proposed were taken from the many Enlightenment thinkers, and were inspired by the American Declaration of Independence and the English Bill of Rights. It was part of the beginning of the French Revolution, and outlined many of the principles and rights they were fighting for.
-The Women's March to Versailles was a reaction to the vast divide between the wealthy and the impoverished. The women were too poor to afford food, so they marched to the palace demaning bread from the King. The amount of women who participated in the march also gives a good representation of the situation. 7,000 women joined, and there were probably many more thousands of other people who were in the same economic situation who did not.
-The storming of the Bastille was a reaction to the oppression of the French people. The Bastille was a fort for political prisoners, and served as a symbol for oppression. The invasion of the Bastille was a large part of the beginning of the revolution, as it provided weapons and explosives for the rebels.
but not necessarily for women.
Heading topic: Evaluation of the Lady Gaga Video on the French Revolution
1. In a well formulated paragraph evaluate how watching the video and reading the lyrics increased your understanding of the major events of the French Revolution. Provide evidence from the video or lyrics
2. Identify and explain the lines of the song that describe the causes of the revolution
3. Identify and explain lines that describe changes caused by the Revolution
4. Which part of the video did you like the best and why?
1) The video covering the French Revolution was useful in helping to understand the causes and events of the revolution. The lyrics gave an order to the events, covering the causes; famine, poverty, unhappiness; the beginning of the revolution; the Declaration of Rights, the Bastille, the March to Versailles; and the end; The Reign of Terror, Robespierre's execution, and the introduction of Napoleon. This gave a better insight on the order in which the events happened, and also provides a cause and effect connection between the causes to the beginning, and how it all led to the end. The repetition of the terms "revolution in France" and "Europe frightened by our revolution", as well as the involvement of foreign countries such as Austria emphasized that it was one of the major events happening in Europe during that time, and the effects were not limited to France.
2) The causes of the revolution were portrayed through the lines:
"Inequality. The relics of feudalism" - Feudalism and the social/economic divide that the system creates between the rich and the poor were a large part of the cause of the revolution. It created inequalities between the people, and the lower class were extremely unhappy and unsatisfied.
"The Three Estates ensured nobles favoritism" - The Old Order, consisting of the Three Estates, was heavily favored towards the 1st Estate and the 2nd Estate, and was unfair towards the 3rd Estate, even though it made up the vast majority of the population. In votes, the 1st and 2nd Estates would often vote together and the 3rd Estate would not have a say.
"Don't want no taxes, I'm paying too much" - Taxes were a huge cause as well. Peasants, who were already poor and starving, were forced to pay heavy taxes to both the First Estate, as well as landowners who they worked for. These taxes made it so that peasants would have a hard time escaping their social status, while the already rich would accumulate more money.
"There was a famine. The peasants wouldn't pay" - Due to lack of money and increased taxes, people could not afford to feed their families, resulting in widespread famine and hunger. The lack of basic human neccesities caused high unhappiness among the peasants, because the rich and wealthy lived happy lives.
3) The effects of the revolution were portrayed through the lines:
"Guillotine was going crazy. Take heads of kings and ladies." - This is representative of the Reign of Terror, during which thousands were executed, including the king and the queen. The execution of the royal family marked the end of the monarchy in France, as well as started a war against Austria.
"Don't want no church. Catholicism is dead. No room for God. Worship reason instead." - Due to the unpopularity of the First Estate, made of the clergy, their power and influence was removed.
"Directory and legislature filled with corruption." - The government that took over after the fall of the monarchy and the revolution was the Directory. However, it was corrupt and ineffective.
"Coup de tat.... Napoleon's here!" - Napoleon took over control over France and became the emporer of the French empire.
The Declaration of the Rights of man was written to define the duties and rights of the citizens of France. It wanted to fix the problems of the Old Order, namely inequality amongst the estates. It defined the freedoms that the citizens had, including the freedom of speech, religion, and press: ideas taken from the work of enlightenment thinkers. The declaration also described how punishments for breaking laws would be handled, promoting fairness.
Governments of Revolutionary France
http://highered.mcgraw-hill.com/sites/0072957549/student_view0/chapter29/interactive_map_quiz.html
Napoleon Bonaparte, 1769–1821
The people who knew or met Napoleon held different opinions about him. He inspired fierce loyalty in his troops. His wife Josephine adored him. Some other observers, though, saw Napoleon as cold and unfeeling.
As is the case with famous people, historians and artists have also portrayed Napoleon in different ways, depending on their points of view. Compare the two portraits of Napoleon above and how the artists’ viewpoints differed.
What is the message in each of the pictures? What are the significance of the date for each?
The first picture describes Napoleon’s rise to power. He is shown as a General here, and at the time, the public still viewed him as a war hero for his many victories. He is shown in a majestic pose, meant to signify his power and popularity among the people, and his military uniform shows that he is still fighting. He is shown pointing forwards, looking ambitious and almost like leading the people. Remembrance of his victories. Made his position known to church that he will rule.
In the second picture, Napoleon is shown slumped and he looks defeated. He is shown slouched down, with a grumpy look on his face. This can signify some of the unpopularity that had overcome his rule. 1814 was the year of his exile, so this could be a picture of him near the time that he lost his power. He is wearing clothing that is messy, meaning that he no longer has the grandeur that he once had. Disappointed, defeated, will lose throne. Small stature. Dejected position. Met with some misfortune.
Which of the portraits is more realistic and why?
I think both pictures are accurate for their dates. When Napoleon first started his career as a General, he had many great successes and was very popular among the people, and a painter would definitely want to portray that. Near the end of his rule, he was unpopular for the amount of wars that he had started and the decline of the French empire after many of his major defeats became public. The artist would want to portray him as a chubby, messy man that no longer had the power he once had.
How does each reflect different aspects of Napoleon’s personality as well as the rise and decline of his fortunes?
The first picture showed him on horseback. He looks like a natural leader, a good general, which represents his rise to power. The second picture shows him as grumpy during the fall of his power.